profesor Ján Zavarský

* 1948  †︎ 2022

  • “The army did not get involved; it did not work as a normal occupation army. They gradually settled in the barracks, and local people started making the political changes. That is how normalization happened. Through Husák, people were changed gradually; there were many turncoats out there. I was in the first year of the Academy of Performing Arts. Of course we started a strike, even a hunger strike, and we were provoking. The teachers were compassionate; the dean at the time was Viliam Záborský, and he always kept his fingers crossed for us. However, a few years later in 1970 they all became opportunists. So we could see on our own how many people change. Milan Šimečka taught me the history of philosophy, also Vaculík taught at our school, Karvaš taught me drama theory, and they were all fired. Gradually, we experienced the whole coup ourselves, how characters can be broken, how times change, and it is not possible to stand against it.”

  • “They came at seven in the morning and took me by car to ‘Februárka’, which was the main StB (secret police in Czechoslovakia) office. They kept us there until the evening, until around eight or nine o’clock. They were pushing us around there. They put a stack of folders in front of me. I doubt all of them were about me, but they claimed that they had been following me all the time. They would ask me where I was at different times. When I told them that I do not remember, that they should help if they actually were following me so much, they would get very upset. The result was that they sent me a letter saying that I had to come to ‘Februárka’ and bring my passport for my own sake. When I went there, there was only one room with one table, one chair, and one official. I gave him my passport. He put it into the drawer and told me, ‘It is not your passport anymore. You will receive an official confirmation soon. Goodbye!’ And I did not have that passport for seven years.”

  • "President Svoboda said, ‘Stay wise like a statesman; we have been invaded.’ When we told that to the workers in the train who were sitting in a compartment next to us, they almost beat us up, saying we were provocateurs. Then they heard it live and they were scared. The train stopped for a few hours, then the Russian soldiers created a corridor, no one checked us. We continued by train towards Bratislava. There were tanks going beside us. The train stopped in Žilina but it did not continue, but somehow we came to Bratislava. I realized that a lot of people were talking to these Russian soldiers. Since we had spent two months in Russia, I knew Russian well. I could speak to them fluently. But after that experience, when you saw that university-educated people could be so indoctrinated, you would understand that talking to the Russian soldiers was completely senseless. Because it was not their fault; they did not know anything and actually it was completely useless.”

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    Bratislava, 18.05.2019

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People were changing; there were many turncoats out there

Ján Zavarský
Ján Zavarský
zdroj: pri ED natáčaní

Jan Zavarský was born in July 31, 1948 in Banská Bystrica, but he spent his whole life in Bratislava. His father was a director of Dunajplavba, a company providing cruises and other services on the Danube River, but when the Communist regime started he was fired from there because he did not want to join the Communist Party. His mother was a chemical engineer. From 1963 to 1967 he studied graphics at the Secondary School of Applied Arts in Bratislava. From 1968 to 1974 he studied scenography at the Academy of Performing Arts in Bratislava. During his studies, he worked as a scenographer at the Nitra Regional Theatre and the State Puppet Theatre in Bratislava. In 1977 the StB (secret political police in Czechoslovakia at that time) took his passport and he could not travel anywhere until 1984, when it was returned to him. In 1981 his regular cooperation with the Husa na provazku theatre in Brno began. He worked with several prominent directors (P. Scherhaufer, B. Uhlár, and J. Nvota). He was a co-author of the artistic installation called Biely priestor. From 1979 he worked as a scenographer for the Theatre for Children and Youth in Trnava, and from 1996 to 2018 he worked as an artistic director of the theatre. Currently he lives in Bratislava.