Roman Zaverukha Роман Заверуха

* 1940

  • There was security because we were locked in those cells and not released. Once a week they let us out into the yard, it was round, you know. The children ran there, warmed up a bit.

  • In Novosibirsk, we were loaded on a steamer and taken by steamer to the village of Zaikino. We were unloaded from the steamer to the island because the steamer could not approach the shore: the river was small, but in the summer as it overflowed, it was like a sea. We were unloaded in the evening and we were on that island until the morning. We were sweaty, and mosquitoes and gnats сlustered around us terribly. In the morning we could not recognize each other - our eyes were swollen because the mosquitos bit the skin around eyes the most. Then we were all transported from the island by boat to the shore.

  • Then, somewhere in the 55th year, approximately, Urks were evicted to us - those who are bandits. They were drinking there. Once there was a case when a child was playing volleyball on the volleyball court. And one big guy, one of those who were driven from prison, got drunk, grabbed a thill and was spinning it. Everyone ran away, but I didn't. I stood and waited for him, but he didn't do anything to me, didn't hit me with a thill - nothing. Just kicked me in the ass. And our guys saw it - as a group chased after him, he ran away so that he barely escaped. There was a locomotive that gave light to our village - he jumped into that room. The one on duty locked the door and the boys did not get him. And I don't know what they could have done to him, they were so fed up with him.

  • I will tell you about a cripple. There was one man among us - his older brother was "in Bandera army", as they used to say - his last name was Prysiazhnyi, and his name - Hryhoriy. Prysiazhnyi Hryhoriy. He had an older sister who was crippled - she could not walk, her legs were twisted from birth. He carried her on his shoulders all the time. As we were taken for a walk somewhere, he carried her on himself. In Siberia, he took care of her all the time, and although she could not walk, she was very hardworking, she cooked for them. He had a wife and a young daughter of three years. Then a boy and a girl were born in Siberia. I was even the godfather, the boy's godfather.

  • Once a week we went there [to school in the village of Pikovka]. There were a lot of snow and the bulldozer was clearing the road. The bulldozer passed, and the snow fell to the sides with shovels. When Stalin died, we were released home. I remember that the director's wife cried a lot (she taught German quite well). As we were going home, we wrote on those snow slopes, "Hurray! Stalin is dead!" I remember that the three of us were walking together.

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    Lviv, Ukraine, 16.07.2020

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„Když jsme šli domů, napsali jsme do sněhu: Hurá! Stalin je po smrti!“ - Život v deportaci

Rodiče Mariia a Antin Zaverukhovi, třicátá léta minulého století
Rodiče Mariia a Antin Zaverukhovi, třicátá léta minulého století
zdroj: Personal archive of the witness

Roman Zaverucha se narodil 11. října 1940 ve vesnici Hadynkivci (dnes Ternopilská oblast na Ukrajině). Jeho rodiče, Antin a Mariia Zaveruchovi, byli bohatí sedláci. V roce 1941 Antina Zaveruchu zatkli agenti NKVD a byl obviněn z členství v ukrajinském podzemním nacionalistickém hnutí OUN (Organizace ukrajinských nacionalistů). Brzy poté, na začátku německo-sovětské války, byl společně s ostatními politickými vězni zastřelen. V roce 1948 byl Romanův starší bratr obviněn z vazeb na OUN a odsouzen k deseti letům vězení v Kazachstánu. Propustili ho v roce 1955. Matka Mariia Zaverucha se pokusila vyhnout dalšímu pronásledování rodiny tím, že se přihlásila do kolchozu. Nehledě na to byl v roce 1950 devítiletý Roman s matkou odvezen vozem z rodné vesnice do oblastního střediska Probižna a deportován nákladním vlakem do ruského Novosibirsku a odtud v náklaďáku do dnes již neexistující „zvláštní osady“ pro nucené pracovní síly Piščany (Tomská oblast, Ruská federace). Po svém propuštění ze zvláštní osady 2. října 1956, se tehdy šestnáctiletý Roman vrátil na Ukrajinu po vlastní ose. Později se Roman přestěhoval do Lvova, kde vychodil technickou se specializací „obráběč kovů“. Po odvodu do sovětské armády byl zapsán ke stavebnímu praporu, kde sloužil tři roky. Po konci vojenské služby se vrátil do Lvova a pracoval v závodě Lvivprylad jako soustružník a brusič, později i ve vedoucích pozicích nástrojářského oddělení. V současnosti je v důchodu a žije ve Lvově.