Bohuslav Hanuš

* 1931  †︎ 2024

  • “We commented on the course of the war with other boys at school. We had to study the German language since the fourth school year. We studied it with great hatred because everyone - not only I - felt hatred for them. Moreover, when I was nine years old, Germans arrested my brother Alois on the 6th of September 1941. They first took him to Hradec then to Prague and they executed him in Prague on the 2nd of October 1941 at 5 o´clock pm. My mum got German newspapers and Alois´s name was there in the column of executed people. Alois Hannusch, it was written in German.“

  • “Everything was kind of tight and it was getting worse after the communist putsch. I felt as a second-rate human being. Of course, we all had to be in trade union. When we talked to friends, we only talked to those whom we could trust and the other way around. The worst thing was that everyone was looking forward to rise of freedom and fear abatement. The fear was really big during the war, people were afraid to talk to someone. They knew who a snitch was, who one had to look out for. And it appeared again after the communist putsch on the 25th of February 1948.”

  • comparison with what was before 1968. You could see and feel enthusiasm. I was excited about that year. It was really terrible when the Russians invaded us on the 21st of August at night. I went to work in the morning and a communist was walking against me and he said: ‘They are finally here!‘ That communist embraced it!”

  • Celé nahrávky
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    Jablonné nad Orlicí, 29.09.2020

    (audio)
    délka: 01:32:41
    nahrávka pořízena v rámci projektu Stories of 20th Century
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I felt as a second-rate human being during communism

Bohuslav Hanuš in 1954
Bohuslav Hanuš in 1954
zdroj: archiv pamětníka

Bohuslav Hanuš was born on the 3rd of November 1931 in Jablonné nad Orlicí where he also spent his whole life. His father Adolf Hanuš (1878–1935) had sons Adolf and Alois (1904–1941) from his first marriage. Having become widower, he married Marie, née Benešová (1898–1988) in 1930 and had sons Bohuslav and Miroslav (1933–2015) with her. Bohuslav´s father died of influenza in 1935. Brother Alois was executed for resistance activities in 1941. Having lost her husband, the mother had to try hard to pay the new house built on debt and to make a living. They made brushes at home, sewed thread wrapped buttons and rented bigger part of their house. In February 1945 Bohuslav saw a transport of impoverished Russian captives marching through the town and people who were bringing food to them. The retreating German army went through the town at the end of the war. The Nazis threatened to burn the town of Jablonné down and to execute on a mass scale but fortunately it did not happen. Bohuslav joined the scout unit after war and experienced one camp. After apprenticeship in Varnsdorf between 1946 and 1949 he started to work as a toolmaker in the Tesla Jablonné company and he stayed there until his retirement in 1991. He did his military service between 1952 and 1954 in Bratislava. He got married to Anežka Stejskalová (*1941) in 1960. He publicly claimed to be religious during his whole life and he raised his three children to be religious as well even though it was not desirable during normalization. He did sport and performed on gymnastics apparatus in Sokol his whole life. He worked as a youth sports instructor after the ban of the organization. According to his words, 1968 was the most beautiful year in his life. He threw down a red star from the Tesla company facade in protest against the occupation in August 1968. He was living in Jablonné nad Orlicí with his wife in 2020. Bohuslav Hanuš died on March 25, 2024.